This lecture explores the pivotal role of suppression in shaping the course of mid-19th-century rebellions in China. It emphasizes the significance of the suppression efforts, which ultimately dismantled the Chinese state and ushered in a new era of regional power dynamics. The lecture highlights the military superiority of the Taipings and the subsequent need for innovative tactics to counter their threat. It delves into the emergence of influential figures like Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang, who wielded both military and civil authority in their respective regions, leading to the creation of de facto states within the empire. Additionally, the lecture examines Western involvement in the conflict and its evolving stance towards the Taipings and the Qing Dynasty.