For centuries, the global story of scientific and mathematical progress has centered on contributions from select regions, often overlooking the foundational ideas born elsewhere. This book re-centers that narrative, focusing on India's extraordinary legacy of mathematical innovation-from the logic of ancient philosophers to the calculus-like insights of the Kerala School. Far from being a footnote in world history, Indian mathematics has profoundly shaped the development of science, engineering, medicine, and modern thought. With clarity and depth, this work explores not just the achievements themselves, but the intellectual cultures that produced them-and how their significance is only now being fully appreciated. It's a timely call to recognize a more complete, interconnected story of human knowledge.