Along with Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington, Lillian "Lil" Hardin (1898-1971) was arguably the third most crucial figure in the creation of popular jazz. Born in Memphis, with strong roots in Mississippi, Lil was, by her early twenties the most sought-after jazz pianist in Chicago, playing first with Freddie Keppard's watershed Creole Jazz Band and later with King Oliver's world-famous Creole Jazz Band. She was already well established in Chicago as a pianist, composer, arranger, and bandleader before she met and married Louis Armstrong (1898-1971) in 1924.
Beyond her musical contributions to Louis as a songwriter, arranger, and pianist, Lil launched, guided and promoted his solo career. Her tireless efforts and musical craftsmanship (she was the only one in Louis's band who could read music) made possible his now legendary Hot Fives and Hot Sevens recordings. Later, after she divorced Louis in 1938, she established her own successful solo career. In 1931, in Harlem, she spearheaded the first all-female jazz band. Over the years, Ray Charles, Willie Nelson, Billie Holiday, Ringo Starr, Peggy Lee and others recorded her songs.
"When the young Louis Armstrong arrived in Chicago to play second cornet in King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band, he was first given the once-over and then the cold shoulder by the band's 20-year-old piano player, Lil Hardin (a.k.a. "hot Miss Lil") . . .. Dickerson (Colonel Tom Parker) here combines biography with cultural history, making Lil the central character of a host of jazz musicians, managers, booking agents, nightclub owners, gangsters, and record company executives. This is Lil's story, to be sure, handled with intelligence and sensitivity, but in a broader sense it is also that of Chicago and Memphis jazz. And, of course, it's the story of the artists, some of them magnificently gifted, struggling day by day against the forces of exploitation, racism, and prejudice against women. Dickerson's subjects, method, and sympathetic treatment recommend his book to public libraries and especially to middle school and high school readers." Library journal, Harold Cordry, Baldwin, KS
"Few women in jazz-other than vocalists-have been able to carve a noticeable niche for themselves, and perhaps no talent has been more overlooked than that of Lil Hardin Armstrong. Being married to the famous trumpeter regrettably eclipsed her considerable talents as a pianist, composer, and bandleader and, therefore, she is largely a forgotten figure today. Born in Memphis in 1898, Lil was a child piano prodigy who strove to become a musician against the wishes of her stern, puritanical mother. Lil single-handedly shaped the career of her famous husband, forcing the shy trumpeter to leave the shadow of Joe Oliver and strike out as a soloist. But managing the career of the awkward, wandering Louis Armstrong consumed her energy, and it was only toward the end of their estranged marriage that she struck out on her own as a musician. In offering a compelling portrait of a remarkable woman, Dickerson also provides a fascinating history of jazz."-Booklist, Ted Leventhal