This Special Issue on "Planning for Sustainable Urban and Land Development" is a reprint of 12 papers published in Land which aims to reexamine the role of planning in improving the sustainability of an area. It comprises a variety of empirical studies and theoretical discussions from across the world, addressing both environmental and social issues. In the environmental dimension, several studies investigate how rapid urban expansion influences ecological balance, focusing on carbon emissions, urban heat islands, climate adaptation of traditional dwellings, environmental quality, and the relationship between urbanization and eco-environment. In the social dimension, it covers social isolation, residential satisfaction, urban vitality, and commuting patterns. Integrated, data-driven planning is crucial for balancing urbanization with environmental preservation and social well-being at all spatial scales, from communities and cities to urban agglomeration and beyond.