Wilde, Oscar: - Oscar Wilde was born on October 16, 1854, in Dublin, Ireland, to Sir William Wilde, a renowned surgeon, and Jane Wilde, a poet and writer who wrote under the pseudonym ""Speranza."" Wilde grew up in a cultured and intellectual environment, surrounded by literature, art, and lively discussions. In the 1880s, Oscar Wilde emerged as one of London's most prominent playwrights and writers. Known for his wit, charm, and flamboyant style, he became a central figure in London's literary and social scene. Wilde's early works include poetry collections like ""Poems"" (1881) and his only novel, ""The Picture of Dorian Gray"" (1890), which initially sparked controversy due to its exploration of decadence and aestheticism. After his release from prison, Wilde lived in France under the name Sebastian Melmoth. He wrote ""The Ballad of Reading Gaol"" (1898), a poignant poem reflecting on his experiences in prison and the inhumanity of the penal system. Oscar Wilde died on November 30, 1900, at the age of 46, from meningitis, which was likely exacerbated by his time in prison. Despite his relatively short life, Wilde left a lasting legacy as one of the greatest playwrights and wits in the English language. His works continue to be studied, performed, and celebrated worldwide for their wit, social commentary, and exploration of aestheticism and human nature.