Introductory technical guidance for civil engineers, highway engineers, bridge engineers and structural engineers interested in design of concrete bridge substructures. Here is what is discussed: 1. INTRODUCTION, 2. BENDING MOMENTS CAUSED BY UNIT EFFECTS, 3. DEAD LOAD-DC (SELF WEIGHT AND BARRIER RAILING), 4. DEAD LOAD-DW (FUTURE WEARING SURFACE), 5. LIVE LOAD-LL (LANE AND TRUCK COMPONENTS), 6. POST-TENSIONING SECONDARY MOMENTS-UNIT PRESTRESSING FORCE, 7. THERMAL GRADIENT (TG)-20°F LINEAR, 8. MOMENTS RESULTING FROM TEMPERATURE RISE AND FALL, 9. MOMENTS RESULTING FROM CONCRETE SHRINKAGE, 10. MOMENTS RESULTING FROM CONCRETE CREEP, 11. BENDING MOMENTS SUMMARIES, 12. POST-TENSIONING FORCE COMPARISON (AFTER ALL LOSSES, WITH THERMAL EFFECTS).