This work analyzes the impact of military expenditure on socio-economic development, particularly that of children. Within the context of a well-specified theoretical framework, the analysis concentrates on Sub-Saharan Africa. The study provides qualitative and quantitative data on military and socio-economic indicators for a large number of countries. The authors analyze and measure the military's impact on the amount and allocation of budgetary spending on items which enhance the prospects for children's survival and development. They also advocate policies for changing priorities and redirect defense spending to resource development for children.