Livestock and poultry is the wealth of any nation as it contributes directly or indirectly to human health and ultimately the country's economy. Infectious diseases cause large scale economic loss due to high morbidity and mortality. In India, due to infectious diseases the combined annual loss in bovines is estimated to be Rs. 27545 crores. Effective disease control and prevention strategies are must to overcome such losses. If understanding disease epidemiology can provide means for disease control and prevention, understanding the nature of pathogens leads to vaccine development. The present book highlights the recent update on important diseases of animals, like Rabies, PPR, HS, Bovine Herpes Virus, Mycoplasmosis, Foot Rot, Canine Distemper, Parvo virus and African swine fever. Before update on disease diagnosis laboratory safety is also included. Recent insight of antimicrobial resistance like ESBL-E. coli and methicillin-resistant (Staphylococcus aureus). Vaccine is the most effective means of disease control and prevention and have also resulted in successful eradication of diseases in animals and in humans.