Ozempic's primary ingredient, semaglutide, works as a GLP-1 receptor agonist. GLP-1 is a naturally occurring hormone in the body that plays an important function in blood sugar regulation. When semaglutide is injected, it binds to GLP-1 receptors on pancreatic beta cells, stimulating insulin release. This insulin release is glucose-dependent, which means it happens when blood sugar levels are high.

Furthermore, semaglutide decreases stomach emptying, slowing the pace at which glucose is taken into the bloodstream. This impact aids in the management of post-meal blood sugar rises. Semaglutide also lowers the secretion of glucagon, a hormone that elevates blood sugar levels, helping to manage blood sugar levels even further.