A. C. Grayling is Reader in Philosophy, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a Supernumerary Fellow, St Anne's College, Oxford. He is author of Wittgenstein in the Very Short Introductions series, as well as An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, The Refutation of Scepticism, and Berkeley: The Central Arguments. He is the editor of Philosophy: A Guide through the Subject and Philosophy 2: Further Through the Subject.