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Book Cover for: Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia: Abandoning Babylon, Nathaniel Robert Walker

Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia: Abandoning Babylon

Nathaniel Robert Walker

The rise of suburbs and disinvestment from cities have been defining features of life in many countries over the course of the twentieth century. In Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia, Nathaniel Walker asks: why did we abandon our dense, complex urban places and seek to find "the best of the city and the country" in the flowery suburbs? While looking back at the architecture and urban design of the 1800s offers some answers, Walker argues that a great missing piece of the story can be found in Victorian utopian literature. The replacement of cities with high-tech suburbs was repeatedly imagined and breathlessly described in the socialist dreams and science-fiction fantasies of dozens of British and American authors. Some of these visionaries -- such as Robert Owen, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Edward Bellamy, William Morris, Ebenezer Howard, and H. G. Wells -- are enduringly famous, while others were street vendors or amateur chemists who have been all but forgotten. Together, they fashioned strange and beautiful imaginary worlds built of synthetic gemstones, lacy metal colonnades, and unbreakable glass, staffed by robotic servants and teeming with flying carriages. As varied as their futuristic visions could be, Walker reveals how most of them were unified by a single, desperate plea: for humanity to have a future worth living, we must abandon our smoky, poor, chaotic Babylonian cities for a life in shimmering gardens.

Book Details

  • Publisher: Oxford University Press
  • Publish Date: Jan 26th, 2021
  • Pages: 576
  • Language: English
  • Edition: undefined - undefined
  • Dimensions: 9.30in - 6.30in - 1.70in - 2.45lb
  • EAN: 9780198861447
  • Categories: Modern - 19th CenturyScience Fiction & FantasyModern - 19th Century

About the Author

Nathaniel Robert Walker, Associate Professor of Architectural History, The Catholic University of America

Nathaniel Robert Walker is Associate Professor of Architectural History at The Catholic University of America. He earned his PhD at Brown University, and studies the relationships between architecture, aesthetics, public space, urban design, political power, and dreams of the future, both utopian and apocalyptic. He has published essays in ARRIS, Buildings and Landscapes, the Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review, Utopian Studies, and a number of edited volumes, including Suffragette City: Women, Politics and the Built Environment, which he co-edited with E. Darling. He has curated two exhibitions dealing with the connections between architecture, urbanism, and human dreams: Building Expectations: Past and Present Visions of the Architectural Future (Bell Gallery, Providence), and The City Luminous: Architectures of Hope in an Age of Fear (City Gallery, Charleston, co-curated with J. Streit).

Praise for this book

"Walker's study excels in its interdisciplinary approaches, and scholars in a wide array of fields should benefit by it, including nineteenth-century American literature, Victorian British literature, sf, utopian studies, and historians of urban planning and architecture" -- James Hamby, Science Fiction Studies

"Walker centers this big book on the voluminous literature of civic improvement emerging in the 19th and early 20th centuries, with an eye to the essential architectural elements, such as buildings and infrastructure, that characterized this Utopian program. Walker's mastery of these essential writings is impressive, replete with thorough analysis of the ideas of such seminal figures as Edward Bellamy and H. G. Wells....Including numerous illustrations (35 in excellent color)...this well-written, authoritative study will appeal to social and urban historians. Highly recommended." -- W. S. Rodner, emeritus, Tidewater Community College, Choice Reviews, 2021

"In this prodigious book, architectural historians and urbanists alike will find a familiar cast of characters such as Ebenezer Howard, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Jacob Riis. Yet Walker's contribution lies in his efforts to recontextualize these figures alongside utopian science fiction of that period... Walker situates these writings and their authors within cities themselves, locating a suburban yearning within the dense squalor of places such as London, Manchester, and New York. Victorian Visions operates at the intersection of Victorian literary history and architectural history. Walker treats his evidence, which ranges from romance novels to political essays, as a form of architectural documentation, deploying the spatial and material tools of built environment scholars to understand the physical implications of science-fiction texts." -- Willa Granger, Harvard University, Arris, vol. 32, 2021

"Walker's mastery of these essential writings is impressive, replete with thorough analysis ... this well-written, authoritative study will appeal to social and urban historians." -- W. S. Rodner, CHOICE

"An astoundingly thorough excavation of the 'prehistory of the modern suburb' in nineteenth century, Anglo-American utopian literature...In addition to a cultural history, Victorian Visions is an architectural history...The contribution of Victorian Visions is its exploration of a century of 'visioning, ' prior to the twentieth century homeownership, renewal, redlining, racial zoning, land use zoning, and transportation policies that realized the pastoral vision....In exploring the realm of fantasy fiction, it effectively recaptures, in a way few other texts can, the horror and urgency with which Victorian, middle-class Anglo-Saxon Britons and Americans viewed their cities. In so doing, it helps to explain why the 20th century descendants of these fantasy fiction readers and authors so enthusiastically pursued destructive policies of renewal, selective disinvestment, slum clearance, apartheid, and highway building." -- Andrew Whittemore, Journal of Planning History

"In this prodigious study of architecture, literature and dreams, Nathaniel Walker takes his readers on a marvel-filled tour of Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia and shows that the line dividing "real" architecture and fantasy is thin indeed. Walker reviews a plethora of strange, wonderful, and terrifying texts, images, and buildings that represent the dreams of utopian visionaries. It is in this discourse of dreams that he finds the DNA of the Anglo-American suburb and of Modernism itself, even as he also shows us how the urge to pursue "Jerusalem" while fleeing "Babylon" has pervaded the whole history of architecture and urbanism. There can be little doubt that his findings will inspire and inform ongoing conversation about the role of utopian and dystopian fantasy in the design and construction of our buildings and cities." -- 2021 Publication Awards Committee, SESAH (Southeast Chapter of the Society of Architectural Historians)

"This is a book that was waiting to be written. The fundamental point of Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia may seem obvious, but never before has it been worked out so thoroughly, on this scale or in such depth, across disciplines and in both Britain and America (and even further afield). Better still, it is written with enthusiasm and clarity, and generously illustrated." -- Jacqueline Banerjee, Victorian Web

"Walker cleverly combines literary criticism with architectural history and explores how building design and urban planning were major components of Victorian utopic literature and presented nineteenth-century readers with a vision of the future that in many ways came true...Walker's study excels in its interdisciplinary approaches, and scholars in a wide array of fields should benefit by it, including nineteenth-century American literature, Victorian British literature, [science fiction], utopian studies, and historians of urban planning and architecture. Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia is a reminder of how reading the fiction of the past can offer many insights into our world today." -- James Hamby, Science Fiction Studies

"Nathaniel Robert Walker's detailed and absorbing Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia...works painstakingly to help us understand the rise of the suburbs in the first place and, more particularly, the language of utopian possibility associated by some reformers with peripheral, suburban, and exurban spaces...Walker is first-rate at bringing into productive conversation an enormous range of well-known and less-familiar texts, spanning centuries and continents. New turning points emerge in a long tradition of urban and suburban literary engagement...a capacious, erudite, and fascinating examination of utopian discourse." -- Sarah Bilston, Victorian Studies

"In his lavishly illustrated Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia: Abandoning Babylon, Nathaniel Robert Walker reconstructs and analyzes the "ideas, longings, and values that gave rise to the modern suburb" in Britain and the United States ... It thus would have further enhanced the appeal of this fascinating book to learn more about the relationship between the contemporary fictional visions Walker so thoroughly and extensively documents and the already existing suburban landscapes of the nineteenth century." -- Christopher Ferguson, Journal of British Studies