THE TRUTH Volume II: Explanation of the work "Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate " by Saint Thomas Aquinas: Questions III and IV
Miguel Grosso
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The search for Truth is one of the highest endeavors of the human intellect, and few thinkers have illuminated this path with the depth and precision of Saint Thomas Aquinas. It is in this spirit that we present the second volume of the series Thomistic Wisdom: Reflections on Truth, titled "THE TRUTH VOLUME II. Explanation of the Work Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate by Saint Thomas Aquinas. Questions III and IV." Following the structure of the series, this volume continues the exploration of the Angelic Doctor's thought on Truth, addressing two central questions from his Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate: the doctrine of ideas in God (Question III) and the nature of the Divine Word (Question IV). Both topics hold a privileged place in Thomistic metaphysics and theology, as they directly concern divine knowledge and the very expression of Truth in God. Divine ideas have been a subject of debate since Antiquity, and Saint Thomas, in dialogue with the Neoplatonic and Aristotelian traditions, provides fundamental answers regarding their existence, multiplicity, and relationship with both speculative and practical knowledge. This question raises profound philosophical and theological inquiries: Do ideas exist in God for beings that have never existed and never will?Is there an idea of evil in God?Do divine ideas also include accidents and singular beings? These issues not only enrich our understanding of the relationship between God and the world but also shed light on the Thomistic conception of creation and divine providence. Question IV introduces us to the mystery of the Divine Word, the cornerstone of Trinitarian theology. Saint Thomas examines whether a "word" can properly be spoken of in God, whether the Word is an exclusive term for the Holy Spirit, and how it relates to creatures and to the truth of beings. Among the problems analyzed, we find questions such as: Does the Father address all creatures with the same Word with which He expresses Himself?Does the Word imply a relationship with creatures?Do things exist with greater truth in the Divine Word or in themselves? Reflecting on these topics brings us closer to the core of Christian doctrine on the Trinity and Creation, allowing us to grasp the depth of Thomistic thought in its explanation of the Word of God. As in the previous volume, this work follows the Scholastic method, characterized by rigorous argumentation and conceptual richness. The classical quaestio structure is maintained, presenting objections, Saint Thomas's well-founded response, and the resolution of each difficulty. This approach not only clearly conveys the teachings of the Angelic Doctor but also engages in dialogue with the philosophical and theological tradition that has commented on them throughout the centuries. This book is not merely an academic exposition; above all, it is an invitation to contemplate Truth as the principle and end of human reason. From metaphysics to theology, from speculation to practical life, the thought of Saint Thomas continues to offer luminous answers to the great questions of the intellect. May this work serve as a valuable instrument for all those who wish to deepen their understanding of Thomistic wisdom and, through it, draw closer to the Truth that is God Himself.